Bresheet 4:16
Cain left the presence of Hashem and settled in the land of wandering, east of Eden.
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Rashi on 4:16 Cain left:
He departed with meekness, like one who steals the Supreme Knowledge. [He was ashamed]
Rashi on 4:16 In the land of wandering:
Into the land where all exiles wander.
Rashi on 4:16 East of Eden:
There did his father go into exile when he was driven out of the Garden of Eden, as it says, "And He stationed east of the Garden of Eden to guard" [verse 3:24]
The guarding of the approach road to the Garden, so, it should be learned, that Adam was there. And we have found
that the land in the eastern direction takes in of all places the murderers, as it says "Then Moses set asid three cities... in the direction of the rising of the sun [Deut 4:41,
Here Rashi refers to the cities of refuge.
The words exactly used to describe the land is (B'eretz nod - land of wandering according to Rashi)] On the other hand, the land of Nod means anywhere that Cain would
go, the earth would tremble beneath him, and the people would say, "Keep away from him! This is the one who killed his brother!" [Here Rashi follows another interpretation for B'eretz nod. As moving land]
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Bresheet 4:17
And Cain knew his wife, and she conceived and bore Enoch. He became a city builder, and he named the city like the name of his son Enoch.
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Rashi on 4:17 And he became:
Cain became a city builder, and he named the city, in the memory of his son, Enoch.
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Bresheet 4:18
To Enoch was born Irad, and Irad begot Mehujael, and Mehujael begot Methushael, and Methushael begot Lamech.
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Rashi on 4:18 and Irad begot:
[This phrase in the hebrew is "Veirad yalad"] There are places where it uses the word Holid for a male rearing children,
and there are places where it uses the word yalad because layada has two meanings, the act of giving birth by the woman, and the insemination of offspring
by the man. When it says in the hifil, it speaks of the woman's giving birth, like So and so caused
his wife to give birth to a son, or a daughter. When it says yalad it speaks of the sowing by the man.
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Bresheet 4:19
Lamech took to himself two wives, The name of one was Adah, and the name of the second was Zilah.
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Rashi on 4:19 Lamech took to himself:
It did not need to detail all this, but it did to teach us from the end of the passage that the Holy One,
Blessed is He, kept His promise, for he said, "After seven generations Cain will suffer revenge."
Lamech arose after he had begotten sons and produced a seventh generation and killed Cain. This is when Lamech
said, "Have I slain a man by my wound...?" [verse 23]
Rashi on 4:19 Two wives:
Such was their practice of the Generation of the Flood, one for procreation, and one for conjugal relations. The one who was for conjugal relations,
her husband would give her to drink a cup of roots so that she would become sterile. She would be adorned like a bride, and he would feed her
delicacies, while her colleague [the other wife], scorned.
This is what Job described "He lets graze the sterile one who will not give birth, but the widow, he does not treat well," as explained in the aggadic section of Cheilek. [In this Gamorah we find
an explanation of the common situation, during the generation of the flood, to have two wives]
Rashi on 4:19 Adah:
She was the one for procreation. Because she is repulsive to him, and kept away from him. The word Adah is Aramaic for "removed."
Rashi on 4:19 Zilah:
She was the one for conjugal relations. She is zilah because she sits constantly in his shadow [Zel is shadow].
These are words of the aggadah in Bresheet Rabbah. [There seems to be a contradiction here, because if Zilah was only
for conjugal relations, and, as Rashi mentioned above, she drank of a root for contraceptive purposes, why does the Torah
tell us that she bore two children in verse 22? According to Mizrachi, these children came in spite of the contraceptive,
therefore, the Torah says "And Zilah "too" she bore."
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Bresheet 4:20
And Adah bore Jabal, he was the father of those who dwell in a tent and with livestock
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Rashi on 4:20 The father of those who dwell in a tent and with livestock:
He was the first of those who graze animals in deserts, and he would dwell in tents, a month
here and a month there, because of pasture for his flock. When the pasture would be exhausted in one
place, he would go and pitch his tent in another place.
An aggadic Midrash says this means he would build houses for idolatry. [The proper form of this
verse in Hebrew is... "Avi yoshav ohel umkneh" Father of the sitters in the tent and cattle]
umikneh/cattle/livestock, as you say, Hamakeneh in (Samel hakineah hamakeneh) "the image of jealousy which enrages"
also, "his brother," following verse, "handled the harp and flute" to play music for idolatry.
[The Midrash states that this is the father of those who dwell in the tent and anger God. Also Rashi points out
that Jubal is the brother and he does not mention him by name, nor as the son of Lamech. This teaches us that
he was similar and even a helper to his brother Jabal.]
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Bresheet 4:22
And Zilah, too, she bore Tubal Cain, sharpener of any shaper of copper and iron. And the sister of Tubal Cain was Naamah.
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Rashi on 4:22 Tubal Cain:
He who seasons the craft of Cain. The word tubal is related to Tavelin which means "seasonings." He seasoned
and improved the craft of Cain by making weapons for murderers.
Rashi on 4:22 Sharpener of any shaper of copper and iron:
One who sharpens tools of craft of copper and iron. It is similar to "He will sharpen his eyes at me." [Job 16:9]
The word is not present tense but rather it is a participle, for see, now, that it is vowelized with a kamatz katan and its accent is on
the final syllable. Therefore it means to say, one who sharpens and shines all tools of craft of copper and iron.
Rashi on 4:22 Naamah:
She is the wife of Noah. [For this reason her name was mentioned here in the Torah. She was of significance]
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